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Oral histology is the study of the different parts of cells in human tissues. Learning about oral histology can be very beneficial for dental practitioners, medical professionals, and dental hygienists working with patients who might have oral cancer, gingival erythroplasia (AGEP), or other types of diseases. Oral cancers are one of the most common cancers in both men and women across all races and ethnicities. A common misconception about oral cancer is that it is a white, fleshy mass on the surface of the mouth, but many different types of cancers can develop in the oral cavity. Oral cancer can occur anywhere from the cheek to the jaw to the throat. Dental practitioners and hygienists must learn as much as possible about oral histology as they work with patients who might have an oral cancer diagnosis. Why study oral histology? In order to better understand how oral histology occurs, you must first know a little about cell biology and cell development. Cells are made up of a nucleus and a cytoplasm, which hold genetic material and help control organ function. The cytoplasm includes the organelles, which are small micro-organs that help regulate cell function. Cell development can be divided into four stages:The different cells of the oral cavity include:Bacteria are also present in various amounts (the normal amount of bacteria is 40 to 70 colony forming units (CFU) per milliliter). Different cell types often act in concert to form tissues, or an entire organ system. Histology is the study of how cells work together in a system. In the oral cavity, there are five major tissue types that have specific functions:Oral health can affect a person's social interaction and overall well-being. Some oral diseases may also affect a person's ability to speak, chew, and swallow. According to the American Dental Association, "oral health affects quality of life more than any other physical health problem except for heart disease" Oral cancers are widespread in the general population. According to the Oral Cancer Foundation, oral cancer is the 5th most common cancer in the United States and it is the 7th leading cause of cancer death. Caucasians and men over 50 years of age onset with oral cancer at more than double the rate of African-Americans and women over 50 years of age. In all ethnicities oral cancer has the following characteristics:About 12 million people each year are diagnosed with oral or pharyngeal cancer. The overall five-year survival rate for oral and pharyngeal cancers is just below 40% in the U.S. The chances of survival increase when oral and pharyngeal cancers have been detected early when they have a much better chance of being cured. cfa1e77820
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